Evaluation of the performance of pan-immune inflammation value in predicting in-hospital mortality in patients with spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage

Abstract

Background & Objective: Spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is associated with high mortality and poor functional prognosis. This study aimed to evaluate the prognostic significance of the pan-immune inflammation value (PIV) at admission in predicting in-hospital mortality in patients with spontaneous ICH. Additionally, we compared the predictive performance of PIV with other inflammatory indices such as the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), and systemic immune-inflammation index (SII).

Methods: This retrospective study included 102 consecutive patients admitted within 24 hours of the onset of spontaneous ICH. Patients were categorized into two groups: survivors at discharge and those who died in the hospital. The groups were compared based on NLR, PLR, SII index, and PIV. Logistic regression and ROC analyses were performed to evaluate the predictive performance of PIV compared to NLR, PLR, and SII index for in-hospital mortality.

Results: Patients who died in the hospital (n=45) had a higher mean age, higher NIHSS score, larger hematoma volumes, and a higher incidence of diabetes, intraventricular extension, and surgical intervention. Additionally, these patients had higher PIV, NLR, PLR, and SII index values (p<0.05). PIV demonstrated superior performance compared to these three markers in predicting in-hospital mortality.

Conclusion: The results of our study suggest that PIV may serve as a valuable prognostic indicator for predicting in-hospital mortality in patients with spontaneous ICH. This study is the first to evaluate PIV as a potential predictive marker for mortality in ICH patients.